Includes American Government, American History, Daily Life Through History, Issues, Pop Culture Universe, World at War. World Geography, World History and World Religions. Search the databases one at a time or all at once. Citation information available for articles. Login with username and password on your ID card.
Powersearch in EBSCO. Login with username and password on your ID card.
To see MLA citation information, email, save or print.
Powersearch across multiple databases. Narrow down your results by looking at the Subject headings or doing an Advanced Search with boolean logic. MLA citation information at bottom of each source.
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 This is a trial. Click on the picture above or database name below for access. |
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eLibrary includes more than 2,000 full-text and multimedia sources,
Students can access History Study Center and ProQuest Learning: Literature
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Sir Decades: 20th Century American Sources is an electronic subscription resource containing primary source and reference content from the 20th century.
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Citation example:
"Excerpts from the Writings of Drew Gilpin Faust." Humanities. 01 May. 2011: 16. Proquest eLibrary. Web. 01 Mar. 2012.
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Citation example:
Stoddard, Lothrop. "Should the Negro Be Encouraged to Cultural Equality?" Forum Oct. 1927: 510-19. Proquest Sirs Decades. Web. 10 May 2009.
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Salem Press, a book publisher has made much of it's reference books available online. Once you are at the site, click on the Remote Login tab and enter the PHS database password. MLA citation information available. You will need to register to send or save articles but this is a quick and easy process. Includes Decades (1930s - 1990s) reference encylopedias and The American Immigration reference set.
Our online encyclopedia is a good place for authoritative introductory information. Also contains primary source information for topics, see the right sidebar after your search. MLA citation information at the bottom of the article.
Excellent source for primary source photographs, complete with MLA citations.
Student Username: student id number with .pusd after it
Student Password: 6 digit birthdate. So if you were born May 5, 1998, you would type in 050598.
- Search the library catalog using the names of the decades e.g. 1920s or look for topics like racism, immigration, women.
- Browse the 973s and 305s of both the nonfiction shelves and the reference room.
- Reference Print History Encyclopedias- These are all multiple volume sets. Use the index or table of contents to access information.
Some of the most comprehensive are listed by Call Number in the glog below.
Additional Reference Books are available online via Gale Virtual Reference Library (you will need to login with username on the back of your ID card):
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Some of the Reference Books available in ebook form are:
American Decades American Decades Primary Sources Americans at War American Civil War Reference Library
Bowling, Beatniks, and Bell-Bottoms: Pop Culture of 20th-Century American
Social History of the United States Development of the Industrial U.S. Reference Library
Great Depression and the New Deal Reference Library
U.S. Immigration and Migration Reference Library Family in Society: Essential Primary Sources
Human and Civil Rights: Essential Primary Sources
Literature and Its Times: Profiles of 300 Notable Literary Works and the Historical Events that Influenced Them
Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of American Literature
- American Memory Collection from the Library of Congress, click on ' War, Military' for the Civil War section. This site is especially good for women's history, African American and Native American history, and immigration.
- National Archives: Civil War Photographs by Matthew Brady and soldier 1st person accounts of war.
- The American Presidency Based on the Smithsonian's traveling exhibit. Includes all presidents and artifacts and information about their era in history.
- American Cultural History: The Twentieth Century From the Kingwood College Library
- Primary Sources of American Popular Culture by the Authentic History center complete with artifacts and sounds
- 20th Century History by the Decades from Chico High School
- Chronicle of 1900-2000 extraordinary Thinquest by students Jason, Jacob, Janine, and Sizwe
- History Central: Major Events of the 20th Century For national and international news
- Documenting the American South from UNC, primary source.
- Ad Access from Duke University, covers magazine and news ads from 1911- 1955.
- American Slave Narratives WPA collected over 2000 interviews with former slaves.
- Digital Library of American Slavery UNC searchable collection, primary sources.
- Vietnam Center and Archives Texas Tech digital library. Primary sources including letters home, photos, documents.
- History Matters CUNY and George Mason University has produced an online search for primary sources by date and topic.
- Digital History for K-12 U.S. history classes, developed and maintained by the University of Houston.
- American History from the Multnomah County Library
- Internet Public Library Social Sciences, see particular topic subheading e.g Ethnicity, Culture & Race
- Time Magazine Archive 1923 - present
- 20th Century Decades From About.com
- Yahoo! Twentieth Century
- Google: Twentieth Century
Califano Instructions
Primary Sources
Definitions:
- "Firsthand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under investigation" (Yale University Library Primary Sources Research Colloquium).
- "Work that was written at a time that is contemporary or nearly contemporary to the period or subject being studied" (Cantor and Schneider, How to Study History). For example using Mein Kampf to study Hitler's influence on the German people in the 1930s and 1940s.
Primary Source Formats:
- Oral transmissions: speeches, music, interview, ballads, legends.
- Written transmissions: diaries, letters, newspapers, census data, laws, government documents.
- Visually transmitted sources: photographs, cartoons, videos, architecture, artifacts, maps.
Most of the subscription databases and the Internet resources listed on this page contain primary sources. You are required to use at least one in your paper. If you have trouble identifying or finding them see your librarian.
Pictures, Charts and Tables in your paper
Tables: "A table is usually labeled Table, given an arabic numeral, and titled. Type both label and title flush left on separate lines above the table, and capitalize them as titles (do not use all capital letters). Give the source of the table and any notes immediately below the table in a caption. To avoid confusion between notes to the text and notes to the table, designate notes to the table with lowercase letters rather than with numerals. Double-space throughout; use dividing lines as needed" (MLA Handbook 4.5)
*apologies for spacing on the wiki samples, they are not exact*
Table 1.
Period of Entry of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population
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Estimated population
January 2009
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Period of entry
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Number
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Percent
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All years
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10,750,000
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100
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2005-2008
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910,000
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8
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2000-2004
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3,040,000
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28
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| 1995-1999 |
3,080,000 |
29 |
| 1990-1994 |
1,670,000 |
16 |
| 1985-1989 |
1,190,000 |
11 |
| 1980-1984 |
860,000 |
8 |
Source: Hoefer, Michael, Rytina, Nancy and Bryan C. Baker. "Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant
Population Residing in the United States: January 2009." Immigration Statistics. Office of Immigration Services,
U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security, Jan. 2010. Web. 7 Feb. 2011.
Pictures and Charts: MLA considers "any other type of illustrative visual material —for example, a photograph, map, line drawing, graph, or chart—a Figure ( abbreviated Fig.), assigned an arabic numeral, and given a caption: A label and caption ordinarily appear directly below the illustration and have the same one-inch margins as the text of the paper. If the caption of a table or illustration provides complete information about the source and the source is not cited in the text, no entry for the source in the works-cited list is necessary" (MLA Handbook, 4.5).
When you refer to the figure in text do not capitalize fig. Also, if you choose to add a caption rather than the full source citation to your figure you will need to cite it completely in your works-cited.
Examples:
Fig. 1. "Link sausage production around 1900 in Chicago."
Library of Congress. ABC-CLIO American History. Web. 7 Feb. 2011.
In text reference:
Sinclair refers to conditions of workers in packing plants, both the supervisors and those on the line (see fig. 1) in hopes of "arousing sympathy for the conditions of the workers and promoting the cause of socialism" ("Pure Food and Drug Act").
